Room conditions were kept at a 12:12-h light/dark cycle andĪn ambient temperature of 22☒☌. Six-week-old C57BL/6 mice were housed in standardĬages. Mastication by hard diet feeding on the differentiation and In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of forced Proliferation, or survival of newly generated cells in the adultĭG. The induction of mastication affects the differentiation, Survival of newly generated neurons in the DG ( 11, 12). Reducing mastication by feeding mice a soft diet inhibits the We, as well as others, have also previously demonstrated that Occlusal disharmony impair spatial memory and promote theĭegeneration of hippocampal neurons ( 9, 10). Chewing causes regional increases in cerebralīlood flow and neuronal activity in the human brain ( 7, 8).īy contrast, it has been shown that reduced mastication and Mastication is a behavior that is closely related Influenced specifically by enriched environments, learning, and Number of newly generated hippocampal neurons in adults is Neurogenesis continues throughout adult life ( 3, 4).Īlthough the mechanisms by which neurons are generated from stemĬells are not yet well known, studies have indicated that the In the hippocampus, newly generated neurons originate from stemĬells in the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus (DG), and That are responsible for neurogenesis and plasticity in specific However, it has been shown that the adult mammalianīrain contains self-renewable, multipotent neural stem cells (NSCs) Nervous system (CNS) was traditionally believed to end by early The generation of neurons in the mammalian central These results suggest that mastication increases the survival of adult neural stem cells in the hippocampal DG. Real-time PCR analysis showed that the expression of glutamate receptor 1 mRNA was significantly increased in the group fed the hard diet compared with the group fed the normal diet. Moreover, mice in the group fed the hard diet spent significantly more time in the former platform area than the group fed the normal diet, indicating that hard diet feeding improved spatial memory compared to normal diet feeding. The results of the Morris water maze test showed that mice fed a hard diet required significantly less time to reach the platform than the control mice when tested at 10 days. However, the number of BrdU-positive cells in the group fed the hard diet was significantly increased 5 weeks after BrdU injection compared to the group fed the normal diet. The number of BrdU-positive cells 1 day after injection did not differ between the 2 diet groups. The number of BrdU-positive cells in the DG was counted 1 day after and 5 weeks after the final BrdU injection. They received a daily injection of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) for 12 consecutive days beginning at 14 weeks of age. Six-week-old mice were subjected to either a hard or normal diet for 13 weeks. In this study, we examined the effect of forced mastication on neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) of adult mice.
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